Brain Game Notes - Fill in the functions of the following components of the nervous system and be familiar with their locations. 
Given each area's functions, what might happen if that area was damaged? (small diagrams may help you remember where things are)
Note: some terms may not be discussed in the chapter - check lecture and online resources mentioned in syllabus

central nervous system (CNS): 

development of distinct divisions of CNS by 7th week

forebrain:


    longitudinal fissure

    cerebral hemispheres:
 

        corpus callosum:      

        cerebral cortex

        "primary" motor and sensory projection areas versus "association areas"

            gyrus

            sulcus or fissure

            gray matter

            white matter 

            frontal lobe:
 

                primary motor cortex ( precentral gyrus) & its organization (motor homonculus):


                Broca's area 

                prefrontal cortex

                    prefrontal lobotomy

                    famous case of Phineas Gage 

        parietal lobe:  

            primary somatosensory cortex  (postcentral gyrus) & its organization (somatosensory homonculus): 

            parietal associatin cortex 

        temporal lobe:
 

            primary auditory cortex (superior temporal gyrus):: 

            Wernicke's area

            inferior temporal  cortex (or temporal association cortex) 

        occipital lobe:  

            primary visual cortex:

            visual assocation cortex

    subcortical or inner structures of the forebrain       

        basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, globus pallidus)    
 

        limbic system
 

            hippocampus
 

            amygdala
 
basal forebrain

    nucleus basalis
   
    nucleus accumbens

        thalamus 

              sensory relay nuclei

        hypothalamus  

            pituitary gland  

lower brain stem   

    reticular formation (runs through multiple divisions)

    midbrain

        pineal gland

       superior colliculi

       inferior colliculi)

       ventral tegmentum

       substantia nigra

  hindbrain

        pons

        medulla       

        cerebellum
 

spinal cord

    dorsal roots and ganglia 

    ventral roots 

    spinal reflexes

ventricles

cerebrospinal fluid

meninges

blood-brain-barrier

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

    31 pairs spinal nerves

    12 pairs cranial nerves
 

    somatic nervous system:
 

    autonomic nervous system (ANS):
 

        sympathetic division:
 

        parasympathetic division: